COVID-19 Testing in Young Individuals and Pandemics Monitoring: Low Susceptibility to the Infection and Lack of Positive Results

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), a novel betacoronavirus, is the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), global health threat. The rapid spread COVID-19 has resulted in an urgent requirement for diagnosis and effective therapeutic strategies against SARSCoV- [1]. Besides symptomatic patients, recent studies indicate that people who are infected but do not presented symptoms also play role COVID-19. Spread happens when person coughs, sneezes, or talks, aerosol/droplets from their mouth nose launched into air reaches mucous membranes nearby [2]. Although some point-of-test assay Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) based protocols available diagnosis, reverse transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) remains as gold standard diagnostic tool supposed to present high sensitivity reliability viral genome clinical specimens [3]. Healthcare Workers (HCW) at risk SARS-CoV-2 infection epidemiological features its transmission household limited. Several families, mainly HCW, temporarily separated due isolation quarantine, risks associated with these professions dynamics must be evaluated [4]. These questions still more notorious low income developing countries, such Brazil, once public policies anti-COVID-19 extremely fragile. During pandemics, 39-year-old Brazilian woman, intensive care physician tertiary hospital our region, third trimester pregnancy, experiencing hyposmia ageusia (temporary loss smell taste respectively), presenting cough, sneeze nasal congestion, was diagnosed by RT- qPCR. Other signs fever, sore throat, dyspnea, oxygen saturation <95%, vomiting, respiratory distress diarrhea observed. As physician, she immunized Influenza virus (A B) vaccination early beginning 2020 working frontline hospital, where several patients tested positive same time. Further, her husband (39 years old) son (13 were screened COVID-19, RT-qPCR, according containment protocol. while negative result SARS- CoV-2 combined oropharyngeal swab. reported sneezing headache. congestion coryza. Until moment test, child did receive vaccine. Frontline HCWs could close contact reports have described cases since outbreak [5]. Moreover, cause secondary among family members, community. Therefore, it important investigate characteristics affected [6]. Risk factors development exposed include suboptimal handwashing, improper use personal protective equipment (PPE), longer long workday, assignment high-risk department [7]. Preventing HCW infections reducing morbidity potential mortality, maintaining system capacity, [8]. Especially which currently considered epicenter pandemics South America entire world, ascending curve infection, lack strong may exposure households disease, only main sources [9]. In this context, should state asymptomatic cases, critical process. droplets routes. Close pre-symptomatic silent routes towards related had time confirmed data strongly suggest possibility occupational further even community exception 13-years- old son. young individuals children teenagers likely susceptible if compared adults, been observed consistently represent 1-2 % worldwide. general, tend undergo less severe than adults they [10]. When asymptomatic, dry fatigue, few upper including running nose. Young recover within weeks after onset; however, progress lower [11]. reasons relative resistance infectious diseases remain obscure, regards suggested active innate immune response, healthier tracts tissue irritants cigarette smoke pollution fewer underlying disorders. A vigorous response explain detrimental acute syndrome [12]. presentation father (mainly headache) systemic symptom, unlike tract (cough, coryza). By other hand, differences distribution, maturation, functioning receptors frequently possible reason age-related difference incidence Human Coronavirus-NL63 (HCoV-NL63) all Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) cell receptor humans [13]. Recent findings started discuss endothelium outcome implication milder adults. Increasing evidence points between whether condition blood vessels. hypothesis would preserved inflammatory problems coagulation problems, two unfavorable outcomes death [14]. Another load children. Some authors describe influence [15].